Direct killing of cells infected with virus is usually accomplished by

Question NO 31

Direct killing of cells infected with virus is usually accomplished by

a. CD8-positive T cells
b. CD4-positive T helper 1 cells
c. CD4-positive T helper 2 cells
d. plasma cells
e. CD19-positive B cells

Neutralizing antiviral antibody produced in response to infection

Question NO 30

Neutralizing antiviral antibody produced in response to infection by
an enveloped virus acts on which one of the following components of the
virus?

a. Matrix proteins
b. One or more surface glycoproteins
c. Internal protein components
d. Nucleic acid
e. Internal nonprotein components

Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 is produced by

Question No 29

Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 is produced by some strains of S. aureus
and is thought to be responsible for the clinical manifestations of disease by
this organism. This toxin is referred to as a superantigen because it can

a. Activate T cells in an antigen-nonspecific manner
b. Activate B cells without T cell help
c. Become immunogenic when attached to a carrier protein
d. Prolong the presence of antigen in a tissue
e. Evoke IgE

A 6-year-old boy has received a deep puncture wound while playing

Question NO 28

A 6-year-old boy has received a deep puncture wound while playing
in his neighbor’s yard. His records indicate that he has had the standard
DPT immunizations and a booster when he entered school. What is the
most appropriate therapy for this child?

a. Tetanus toxoid
b. Tetanus antitoxin
c. Both toxoid and antitoxin at the same site
d. Toxoid and antitoxin at different sites
e. No treatment

Plasma bilirubin

Question NO 27

Plasma bilirubin

A. Is a steroid pigment.
B. Is converted to biliverdin in the liver.
C. Does not normally cross cerebral capillary walls.
D. Is freely filtered in the renal glomerulus.
E. Is sensitive to light.

Blood platelets assist in arresting bleeding by

Question NO 26

Blood platelets assist in arresting bleeding by

A. Releasing factors promoting blood clotting.
B. Adhering together to form plugs when exposed to collagen.
C. Liberating high concentrations of calcium.
D. Releasing factors causing vasoconstriction.
E. Inhibiting fibrinolysis by blocking the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin.

A person with group A blood

Question NO 25

A person with group A blood


A. Has anti-B antibody in the plasma.
B. May have the genotype AB.
C. May have a parent with group O blood.
D. May have children with group A or group O blood only.
E. Whose partner is also A can only have children of groups A or O.

Breakdown of erythrocytes in the body

Question NO 24

Breakdown of erythrocytes in the body


A. Occurs when they are 6–8 weeks old.
B. Takes place in the reticulo-endothelial system.
C. Yields iron, most of which is excreted in the urine.
D. Yields bilirubin which is carried by plasma protein to the liver.
E. Is required for the synthesis of bile salts.

Total body water

Question NO 24

Total body water, expressed as a percentage of body weight


A. Can be measured with an indicator dilution technique using deuterium oxide.
B. Is smaller on average in women than in men.
C. Rises following injection of posterior pituitary extracts.
D. Falls during starvation.
E. Is less than 80 per cent in young adults.

Blood group antigens (agglutinogens) are

Question NO 23

Blood group antigens (agglutinogens) are

A. Carried on the haemoglobin molecule.
B. Beta globulins.
C. Equally immunogenic.
D. Not present in fetal blood.
E. Inherited as recessive Mendelian characteristics.

Extracellular fluid in adults differs from

Question NO 22

Extracellular fluid in adults differs from intracellular fluid in that its

A. Volume is greater.
B. Tonicity is lower.
C. Anions are mainly inorganic.
D. Sodium:potassium molar ratio is higher.
E. pH is lower.